Current Electricity
Class 12 · Current Electricity

V–I Curve of Real Cell

y-intercept = ε, slope = −r. Short circuit at V=0.

Run simulation

Key Notes

01

Plot V vs I: y-intercept = ε, slope = −r.

02

x-intercept = ε/r = short-circuit current.

03

Used to measure r experimentally — fit a line and read slope.

Formulas

Linear

Linear in I.

Important Points

Slope is always negative for a real cell.

Larger r → steeper drop with I.

V–I Curve of Real Cell notes from sciphylab (also known as SciPhy, SciPhy Lab, SciPhy Labs, Physics Lab). Class 12 physics revision for JEE Mains, JEE Advanced, NEET UG, AP Physics 1/2/C, SAT, and CUET-UG.