Current Electricity
Class 12 · Current Electricity

Loop Current Method

Two opposing EMFs around a loop — i = (ε₁−ε₂)/(R₁+R₂).

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Key Notes

01

Single-loop with two opposing batteries: i = (ε₁ − ε₂)/(R₁+R₂).

02

Mesh currents are a tidy way to apply KVL when you have many loops.

03

Sign convention: choose direction of mesh current; if answer is negative, actual is reversed.

Formulas

Two-EMF loop

Net EMF / total R.

Important Points

If two batteries are in series with same orientation, EMFs add.

Wires have negligible R unless told otherwise.

Loop Current Method notes from sciphylab (also known as SciPhy, SciPhy Lab, SciPhy Labs, Physics Lab). Class 12 physics revision for JEE Mains, JEE Advanced, NEET UG, AP Physics 1/2/C, SAT, and CUET-UG.