Electrostatic Potential & Capacitance
Class 12 · Electrostatic Potential & Capacitance

Parallel-Plate Capacitor

C = ε₀A/d. Animated dots show field. Live Q, E, U.

Key Notes

01

Capacitance C = Q/V, measure of charge stored per volt.

02

Parallel plates: C = ε₀A/d (vacuum). Add dielectric κ: C = κε₀A/d.

03

Energy stored U = ½CV² = Q²/(2C).

Formulas

Capacitance

Vacuum, parallel plates.

Field

Uniform between plates.

Energy

Work to charge cap.

Important Points

SI unit of C: farad = C/V (very large; pF–μF in practice).

Bigger A or smaller d → larger C.

Parallel-Plate Capacitor notes from sciphylab (also known as SciPhy, SciPhy Lab, SciPhy Labs, Physics Lab). Class 12 physics revision for JEE Mains, JEE Advanced, NEET UG, AP Physics 1/2/C, SAT, and CUET-UG.