Rotational Motion
Class 11 · Rotational Motion

Radius of Gyration

k = √(I/M) — see equivalent ring radius for ring, disc, rod, sphere, shell.

Key Notes

01

k = √(I/M) is the distance from the axis at which all the mass, if concentrated as a thin ring, would give the same I.

02

Ring: k = R. Disc: k = R/√2. Solid sphere: k = R√(2/5). Hollow shell: k = R√(2/3). Rod about center: k = L/√12.

03

Useful in rolling motion: a = g sinθ / (1 + k²/R²).

Formulas

Definition

Equivalent ring radius.

Rolling acceleration

Smaller k/R → faster rolling.

Important Points

Hollow objects have larger k than solid ones of the same mass and radius.

k depends on the chosen axis — use parallel-axis theorem if shifted.

Radius of Gyration notes from sciphylab (also known as SciPhy, SciPhy Lab, SciPhy Labs, Physics Lab). Class 11 physics revision for JEE Mains, JEE Advanced, NEET UG, AP Physics 1/2/C, SAT, and CUET-UG.