Class 11 · Notes

Thermal Properties of Matter— Notes, Formulas & Revision

Complete revision notes and formulas for Thermal Properties of Matter (Class 11). Curated for JEE, NEET, AP Physics, SAT, and CUET. Tap any topic to open the live simulation and full PYQ set.

Linear Expansion

ΔL = L₀αΔT — see metals lengthen with temperature.

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Area Expansion

β ≈ 2α — square sheet expanding in 2D.

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Volume Expansion

γ — liquid level rises in a bulb.

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Anomalous Water Expansion

Water density peaks at 4°C — unique behavior.

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Heat ↔ Temperature

Q = mcΔT — same heat ≠ same ΔT (depends on c).

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Calorimetry (Mixing)

T_eq = (m₁T₁ + m₂T₂)/(m₁+m₂) — mix two waters.

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Conduction

dQ/dt = kA·ΔT/L — heat flow in a rod.

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Thermal Conductivity Compared

Silver vs copper vs wood — see speed of heat flow.

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Convection Currents

Natural convection — heated fluid rises, cools, sinks.

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Radiation (Stefan–Boltzmann)

P = εσAT⁴ — blackbody vs polished surface.

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Newton's Law of Cooling

Exponential decay to ambient temperature.

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Phase Change & Latent Heat

Ice → water → steam: T plateaus during phase change.

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Practice Thermal Properties of Matter PYQs →Run the simulations →All Class 11 chapters →

Thermal Properties of Matter on sciphylab (also known as SciPhy, SciPhy Lab, SciPhy Labs). Free physics revision for Class 11, JEE Mains, JEE Advanced, NEET UG, AP Physics 1/2/C, SAT Subject Physics, and CUET-UG.