Torque on Dipole

Uniform field exerts no net force on a dipole, but creates torque τ⃗ = p⃗ × E⃗.

|τ| = pE sinθ where θ = angle between p⃗ and E⃗.

Torque tries to align p⃗ with E⃗ (stable equilibrium at θ = 0°).