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E = −dV/dx
Key Concepts — E = −dV/dx
01
Field is the negative gradient of potential: E⃗ = −∇V.
02
In 1D: E_x = −dV/dx. Steeper V slope → stronger field.
03
If V = const, E = 0.
Field is the negative gradient of potential: E⃗ = −∇V.
In 1D: E_x = −dV/dx. Steeper V slope → stronger field.
If V = const, E = 0.